ACADEMIC TEXTS REPOSITORY

Liskovych, O. V. (2020). Rozvytok initsiatyvnosti ta pidpryiemlyvosti uchniv u protsesi rozviazuvannia fizychnykh zadach [Development of initiative and entrepreneurship of students in the process of physical task solution]. Molodyi vchenyi, 3, 114-117 (ukr).

Summary

The possibilities of the formation and development of initiative and enterprise of students in the process of solving physical problems are investigated. The relevance of the above mention problem is due to the fact that modern textbooks, didactic and methodological materials are more focused on the subject of the physical competence, and for the formation of key competences the teacher has to independently select the relevant materials and tasks. The author analyzes the state of research of the problem of the formation of initiative and enterprise of students in the process of teaching physics and other subjects of the natural cycle (biology, chemistry). It has been found out that the most effective in the formation of initiative and enterprise of students is the method of projects (project-role-playing games, start-ups, business plans), group and experimental activities, selection of content of educational material. The solution of problems of different types of tasks is not considered in this context. The basis for determining the types of physical tasks that are most effective in the formation initiative and enterprise of students were skills that can be indicators of this competence, as determined by the physics curriculum. On their basis, the necessity of selection physical tasks on their content (concrete, cross-curricular, technical, historical content) and the didactic purpose (creative, research) is substantiated. It is proved that for the formation and development of initiative and enterprise of students, the physical tasks are effective, the content of which reveals: the physical foundations of modern production; the principle of operation, the structure and rules of efficient use of technology; the ways of rational use of all kinds of resources; the application of knowledge in physics in different professions; the interesting historical facts about inventions and discoveries, their importance for the development of mankind, etc. Especially valuable, according to the author, are tasks whose content highlights the activities of modern industrial and industrial enterprises in the region in which students live, which will contribute to their popularization, dissemination of information among students about the needs of enterprises for specialists. Examples of specific physical problems are given.