2019
State Oppression of the National Minority Organizations and Associations of UkrSSR in the Context of 1920s bolshevik reforms
DownloadKeywords: national organization, public associations, totalitarian system, the Bolsheviks, Soviet legislation.
Ajsfel’d, A. 2000. Politicheskaja zhizn’ mennonitov Rossii v 1917–1919 godah [Polytical Life of Mennonites in Russia (1917–1919)]. Voprosy germanskoj istorii. Dnepropetrovsk, 2000. S. 223–248. [in Russian] Bilynskyi, A. K. 1969. Hromadski orhanizatsii v SRSR [Civic Organizations in USSR]. Miunkhen — Chikaho: Ukrainskyi Publitsystychno-Naukovyi Instytut. [in Ukrainian] Il’ina, I. N. 2000. Obshhestvennye organizacii Rossii v 1920-e gody [Civic Organizations of Russia in 1920’s]. Moskva: In-t
Summary
The article analyzes key factors of Bolshevik monopoly in the sphere of national associations on the basis of a wide range of archival sources. A deep analysis of the past will help construct a political system, which prevents undemocratic regimes, oppression, and supports the free development of national minorities. The article highlights the role of state power and punitive structures in the establishment of the party members’ control over the public sphere. As a result, the functioning of national minority organizations was determined solely by the licensing procedure for their creation and activities. Attention is focused on subordination of national minority organizations to the Bolshevik party, which strengthened their influence on the society and controled yet harder some of its own members. Bolsheviks, who declared freedom and social choice as a prerequisite for the development of nationalities in the multinational republics and particularly Ukraine, in practice established the system of restrictions and prohibitions. It is proved that the state ideological control led to a crisis of the national social movement, its nationalization. Almost all organizations in the late 1920s started іmplementing tasks from the Communist party, engaging in historical and revolutionary, military-Patriotic, ideological work, justifying in the eyes of society all the negative actions and decisions of the government. This has resulted in the suppression of the internal interests and prospects of іmmunity organizations of national minorities. Thus, the policy of their de facto nationalization led to the loss of their non-governmental character.